合金中痕量元素标准物质研制进展

通过对国内外高温合金、铝合金痕量元素标准物质的比较,评述了我国合金中痕量元素标准物质在种类、量值水平及不确定度等方面的进展。     

十六种活血化瘀中草药中微量元素的测定

用原子吸收光谱法对十六种活血化瘀中草药中十种微量元素进行了测定。方法的回收率为９５．０％￣１０５．０％,相对标准偏差小于０．０３％,结果表明,该法具有操作简单,快速和准确度高等优点。     

中山市火炬开发区1078例儿童头发微量元素临床研究

为了探讨微量元素对儿童健康的影响,检测了中山市火炬开发区1078名2个月－14岁儿童头发锌,锌,铜,钙,锰,铅,结果发现,不同年龄儿童同一元素的含量不同,婴,幼儿组发锌,铁,钙明显低于其他年龄组,同时缺锌,缺铁,铁钙,高铅是引起儿童厌食,佝偻病, 呼吸道感染的主要原因,建议针对病因开展儿童微量元素缺乏的防治工作。     

煤中微量元素间依存关系的聚类分析

通过对四种不同类型煤中灰分、硫分和１６种微量在不同密度级中呈的Ｒ型聚类分析,研究了煤中微量元素间的依存关系。结果表明：煤中碱土 金属Ｂｅ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ彼此间的依存关系一般较弱,与所研究的其它元素的相关性也较北：稀土元素Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｙ、Ｓｅ经常相伴而生;Ｖ总与灰分显著相关;Ａｓ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ等元素民黄铁矿硫的存在密切相关。     

铯-铷-钒系低温硫酸催化剂的研制

Cs Rb V catalyst for H 2SO 4 production at low temperature was prepared by use of metallurgical waste liquid (MWL) containing alkali metal salts. The result showed that X (SO 2)=24 8% on the catalyst prepared directly with MWL can be reached at 410 ℃, and if n (Na)/ n (V) has been adjusted properly, X (SO 2) can be increased to 35 6% at the same tempertaure. When MWL has been refined and mixed with other liquid material, it can make the catalyst activity at low temperature even higher. From the DTA result of the catalyst prepared from the refined liquid, it is found that both the endothermic apices and exothermic apices shift to low temperature obviously, indicating that the catalyst possesses higher activity at low temperature.     

A novel torque analysis method for drilling deep lunar soil by DEM

In order to solve the torque design problem of deep lunar soil sampling using drilling, a novel torque analysis method was presented based on discrete element model (DEM). This method includes three stages: drilling simulation of the bit and stem segment, resultant torque calculation, and predicted curve fitting. First, special drilling models were designed for a bit and stem separately. A high-density equivalent particle group, boundary vibration control, pre-drilling simulation and constant pressure surface control were designed for the bit and stem drilling modelling at different depths to ensure the rationality of the model. An example of the torque synthesis process was given, and the simulation time was analyzed. Finally, the simulation predicted torque curve was plotted and compared with the experimental curve. The experimental and simulation curves show that as the drilling depth increases, the torque increases approximately linearly first and then flattens out gradually after a depth of 1 m. The consistency between the two results indicated that the proposed method was validated. Using this method, engineers can take short time to analyze the torque and design basic parameters of the drill mechanism. The problem of high experimental cost and long simulation time in torque design is solved.     

超声弹性成像应用在角膜疾病诊断中的有限元分析

弹性成像在医学成像领域具有广阔的应用前景．在本文中,有限元法被用于模拟角膜组织的超声弹性成像,通过改变角膜病变组织与正常组织杨氏模量的数值大小及分布,模拟角膜病变的不同情形,分析计算各种不同情形时的应变、应力和位移分布,并对仿真结果进行分析．当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为1:4时,病变区域中心的应变为-0.00854,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应变为-0.02277,为病变区域中心的应变值的2.67倍．病变区域中心的应力为0.04337,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应力为0.02729,相当于病变区域中心的应力值的0.64倍．当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为4:1时,情况刚好相反．基于角膜组织的粘弹性,优化了角膜组织模型．结果表明,利用应变压缩方法可以实现离体组织的弹性成像,超声弹性成像中病变组织与正常组织的生物力学响应差异明显,研究结果可为弹性成像在眼科临床应用上提供理论指导．     

高铁锻钢制动盘热疲劳裂纹扩展仿真及寿命评价

巨大的制动热能导致高铁制动盘面出现热斑或热点,形成沿径向扩展的热疲劳裂纹,严重危及行车安全.通过仿真获得热疲劳裂纹扩展规律,据此制定出合适、经济的检测周期,具有重要意义.基于断裂力学理论,采用扩展有限单元法和自主研发的裂尖网格加密技术,得到热点形成规律,植入半椭圆形裂纹进行热疲劳断裂仿真,得到制动速度为400 km/h时的裂纹扩展寿命曲线,预测结果与制动盘运用寿命基本一致.仿真结果为制动盘轻量化设计、服役寿命评估及无损检测方案制定提供了重要的理论支撑.     

SOURCE TERM IDENTIFICATION WITH DISCONTINUOUS DUAL RECIPROCITY APPROXIMATION AND QUASI-NEWTON METHOD FROM BOUNDARY OBSERVATIONS

This paper deals with discontinuous dual reciprocity boundary element method for solving an inverse source problem.The aim of this work is to determine the source term in elliptic equations for nonhomogenous anisotropic media,where some additional boundary measurements are required.An equivalent formulation to the primary inverse problem is established based on the minimization of a functional cost,where a regularization term is employed to eliminate the oscillations of the noisy data.Moreover,an efficient algorithm is presented and tested for some numerical examples.     

Singular solutions of the Poisson equation at edges of three‐dimensional domains and their treatment with a predictor–corrector finite element method

Solutions of boundary value problems in three‐dimensional domains with edges may exhibit singularities which are known to influence both the accuracy of the finite element solutions and the rate of convergence in the error estimates. This paper considers boundary value problems for the Poisson equation on typical domains Ω ? ?³ with edge singularities and presents, on the one hand, explicit computational formulas for the flux intensity functions. On the other hand, it proposes and analyzes a nonconforming finite element method on regular meshes for the efficient treatment of the singularities. The novelty of the present method is the use of the explicit formulas for the flux intensity functions in defining a postprocessing procedure in the finite element approximation of the solution. A priori error estimates in H¹(Ω) show that the present algorithm exhibits the same rate of convergence as it is known for problems with regular solutions.